Gearing.



No. .872,528. PATBNTED-Dmqs, 1907.

G. W. MASCORD.

GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

rus NaRRls PETERS c0. wAsHlNcroN. D. c.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

PATENTBD DEM-1,1907.

vG. W. MAs00RD. GBARING.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9,1905.

'ruf NsRms Ps1-sns co., wAsHINcroN, D. c4

, PATENTBD DEG. 3, 19o?.

G. W. MASGORD.

GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.9,1 905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

1HE Nnmzls PETERS ca, wAsHmcnm, n. c.

PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907.

G. W. MASCHI).

GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. s, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4u .fnz/enof je? v v c/rney l .'HE NaRRls PETERS cu.. wAsmrmruN. D. c.

' No. 872,528. PATBNTED DB0. s, 1907.

G. W. MASGORD.

GEARING.

APPLIGATION FILED. JAN. 9, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

V/yfwbw /j (M/g ZZOrney nu: NaRRls Fsnms co., wAsmNarorl, D. c,

GEORGE W. MASCORD, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

GEARING.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 1907.

Application led January 9. 1905. Serial No. 240.267.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE WILLIAM MAs- CORD, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 5 The Crescent, Church Road, Barnes, London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the application and distributionyof motive power particularly for use in starting machinery and for Isuch and similar purposes, where electromotors are employed' as the source of motive power and where a powerful starting effort is required.

The invention is of special utility in its application to electric plants for driving rotary y printing presses, and in fact generally in cases where there is a great starting torque, and the invention has for its object to avoid heavy draft on the main current at starting, and to provide effective means for bringing up the speed of the press or machine, while the main driving electro-motor is rotating at constant speed.

According to the -,invention in its application to a rotary web newspaper printing press driven by means of an electro-motor, a friction clutch is interposed between the motor: and the machine, and the motor shaft is connected lto the machine shaft by reducing gear, by which the machine shaft may be rotated at a relatively slow speed and under full power of the electro-motor, whereby the inertia at starting may be effectively overcome without any undue drain upon the current circuit.

According to the invention also an auxiliary electro-motor or electro-motors may be employed to operate the speed reducing gear by which the machine shaft or shafts may thus be caused to rotate at a relatively slow speed at starting.

In carrying the invention into effect according to one modification in its application to an electro-motor plant for driving a rotary web newspaper printing press, I may provide the motor shaft and the machine shaft in line and a friction clutch interposed for the purpose of disconnecting or connecting them together at will, and upon the motor shaft I provide a gear wheel or pulley for transmitting motion to a worm and worm wheel or other speed reducing gear which causes the rotation of a spring controlled pawl and ratchet device mounted upon a shaft upon which a bevel pinion or other gear may be provided gearing with corresponding bevel pinions mounted upon a counter-shaft, upon which also a pinion is mounted gearing with shaft, so that thus on starting, the friction clutch will be disconnected and motion will be conveyed through the-worm and worm wheel gear by the spring pawl and ratchet or other similar device to the machine shaft, whereby the latter is caused to rotate slowly, and on a certain speed being attained by the machine shaft, the friction clutch is put into engagement, whereby the speed of the machine shaft is augmented and the pawls of the ratchet device will slip.

A clutch may be provided or a loose pulley or other suitable device for disconnecting the 'speed reducing gear on the friction clutch belng plut into operation. Y.

T e spring and ratchet device may advantageously consist of a disk or casing ixedly secured to` the worm wheel aforesaid, carrying pawls having their rear extremities provided under the operation of springs to maintainthem in contact with the cam or ratchet wheel. The latter is keyed upon the shaft, upon which the disk or casing aforesaid is loosely mounted, so that thus on the rotation of the worm wheel, the cam or ratchet wheel will be rotated and thus also the intermediate shaft 'which gears with the counter-shaft. Any other suitable gear may however be employed, which, while permitting of motiony being communicated. at reduced speed at starting, will permit of the-speed of t e machine being augmented, or of the machine being directlyk driven without `the reducing gear beingdisconnected from the motor.

,60 a spur wheel mounted upon the machine According to another modification an auxiliary motor or auxiliary motors may be used to cause the rotation of what may be designated as the worm shaftor two motors may be employed where the main motor is used for driving two presses or two parts of a press, one on each side of the motor.

The friction clutch may be so provided as while being put into o eration it will cause the disengagement of t e clutch controlling the speed reducing gear, or instead the respective clutches may be juxtaposed to be operated by the same lever, or instead of an ordinary clutch being provided for the control of the speed reducing gear, a friction clutch may be employed, or the clutches may be operated by means of a solenoid whose circuits may be under the control of switches suitably provided, or a compressed air cylinder and piston and valve or any other means may be used for the same purpose so that' thus the plant may be under control from a distant point.

According to another modification where two machines or two parts of the same machine are operated from a main motor disposed between them an auxiliary motor plant and reducing gear may be provided for the operation of the respective parts of the machine or the respective machine, as the case may be, in which event only one countershaft may be employed for each auxiliary set, its rotation being caused by means of worm and. worm gear, the worm being mounted upon the auxiliary electro-motor spindle; a clutch being also provided upon each counter-shaft to put the auxiliary motor mechanism out of operation.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation showing the application of the invention to a rotaryprinting press, in which a pneumatic system supplements the hand control mechanism. Fig. 1a is a diagrammatic view illustrating a system of pneumatic control. Fig.,2 is a diagrammatic detail elevation of a hydraulic system for supglementing the hand control mechanism.

ig. 3 is a diagrammatic detail elevation of an electric system for supplementing the hand control mechanism. Fig. 4 illustrates a modification in which an auxiliary starting motor is employed. Fig. 4a is a detail view of switch mechanism. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the electric connections with the main motor field and control, and Fig. 6 is a plan of a modified arrangement showing the application of the invention in the distribution of power to a number of separate machines or units as in a line shaft.

In Fig. l the invention is shown as applied to a rotary printing press formed in two parts, each part of the press being driven from an electro-motor m centrally disposed between the two parts of the press or between the two presses, one only of which is shown in the figure, while the same gearing, except the controlling gear shown upon the left hand side of the press and hereinafter more particularly described, is arranged upon the other side of the motor shaft for the second part of the press or for the second of the two presses. Such controlling gear need not be duplicated, as the two parts of the presses may be coupled together by such means as the shaft m12 and the aw coupling m13 thereon. l

In Fig. 1 means are shown for putting the press into motion from the continuously running motor m, either by means of a hand lever g or by pneumatic pressure. The hand lever g and the controlling piston Zt of the pneumatic cylinder ZL is shown in the position assumed when the press is stopped or is ready for starting. The main motor shaft a is shown provided with a clutch b which is preferably a friction clutch such as .that

known as the Hele-Shaw clutch, by which connection is effected. with the shaft i provided with a gear wheel i in gear with a gear wheel upon the counter or driven shaft which gear wheel i transmits motion to the machine at normal speed. The motion to the press mechanism is transmitted through the gear wheel which meshes with the gear wheel y" mounted upon the counter or driven shaft The slow moving shaft c is provided with a second clutch Z which is advantageously of the jaw gripping type in which the engaged part (Z is formed integral with the gear wheel Zr which is freely mounted upon the slow motion shaft c and is set in position against the collar ZC. This clutch d' is operated by a tripping device by which. it is released when the operating hand lever f/ passes the position indicated at as hereinafter described.

The clutch Z is engaged on the movement of the boss Z2 towards the clutch (Z, to which boss Z2 the toggle levers of the gripping jaws are connected. The part (Z3 of the clutch carrying the gripping jaws it will be understood is keyed to the slow motion shaft c. The main motor shaft a drives positively, without the intervention of a clutch, through the countershaft Z which is suitably carried in brackets which are not shown. Such shaft Z may advantageously be geared with the main motor shaft a by means of the bevel pinions Zl and Z2 and may communicate motion from the worm Z3 mounted upon it with a worm wheel Z4 which is loosely mounted upon the slow motion shaft c, and is provided with a number of pawls Z5 on its face engaging with a boss Z6 fixed. to the slow motion shaft c so that in the forward direction of movement of the worm wheel mo'tion is communicated to the slow motion shaft c, but should the slow motion shaft c be moved at a greater velocity this is permitted by the slipping of the pawls Z5 over the recesses or teeth provided upon the fixed boss ZG.

lOO

Motion is communicated. from the countershaft through the shaft m12 to a complementary countershaft and simil-ar gear upon the other side of the machine or at the other side of the press.

The clutch operating gear consists of the hand control lever g pivoted upon the spindle g. and carrying upon same spindle g a toothed segment g2 which gears with a rack g3 mounted upon a rod g4 at the extremity of which a piston Zt is connected which works within a cylinder Zt whereby on air being admitted to one side of the piston ZL or the other,

the rack g and thereforethe segment g2 and the hand control lever g is moved'in one directionor the other as required to increase or decrease the speed of the machine or to stop the pressi' the admission and exhaust of air to and from the cylinder being conveniently effected by any suitable air valve such as the three-way valve h2 which is connected up to the air supply pipe h3 and which is in turn connected with a receiver 71,4 within which air may be maintained at a constant pressure by means of an air pump h5 which is operated from an eccentric h6 upon the main motor shaft a. The air pressure may be under the control of a stop valve such as k7 and may be led through pipes such as hs from an independent source or to the controlling mechanism of the second part of the press.

The boss d2 of the clutch d is moved by the bell crank lever n which is connected to a link n, which is in turn connected to one arm of the bell crank lever n2, on the extremity of which weights n3 depend, so that on the bell crank lever n2 being tripped by the movement of the operating lever g from the position indicated x, the weight n3 would serve to retract the boss d2 of the clutch d and thus disengage the freely mounted part d and the pinion 7c.

On the movement of the operating` lever g from the position indicated it, the bell crank lever n2 will be tripped and will pass under the pawl n4. ln this position the slow motion shaft c will be moving at its full speed, and in this position also the clutch d will be slowly put into engagement, so that when the hand lever g reaches the position indicated y, the clutch b will be fully engaged so that the shaft i will rotate at the same speed as the main motor shaft a. This operation is effected by means of a cam piece o mounted upon the pin g of the hand control lever g. A groove is formed in the cam piece 0 within which a pin provided upon the bell crank lever 02 slides, and a link o3 connects to the operating lever 04 of the clutch b. After the operating hand lever g has reached the position indicated y, the pin will reach the segmental or dead part of the tail piece 0 of the cam, and no further movement will be given to the clutch operating the lever o4, which thus is held or locked in that position.

A connecting rod c may be connected to the lower extremity of the hand control lever g, by which corresponding movements may be given to a second set of controlling apparatus provided upon the second part of the press or upon the second press, so that eachA press may be controlled together on the operation of one or other of the operating mechanisms.

A series of contacts p are provided, with which engage a contact piece n provided upon the operating hand lever g, so that after the operating hand lever g passes the position indicated y, circuits may be closed by which the motor field may be weakened, and the speed thereby gradually accelerated.

Fig. 5 illustrates the connections of the switch with the controller and with the motor field and mains. ln Fig. 5 m is the main motor, m the motor field, q q are the mains, r is the controller, r indicates the magnetic blow out therefor, and the contacts of the controller are numbered l to 10, of which l0 represents the normal full speed point. s is the field resistance box, and the shunt control contacts p are numbered 11 to 16 in sequence with the starter and controller r.

Fig, 2 illustrates a modified form of the operating mechanism illustrated in Fig. 1 in which a hydraulic arrangement supplements the hand lever control mechanism, the plungers g41 being provided within hydraulic cylinders hu which communicate through pipes k12 with the cylindrical valve casings h in which the valves t t slide, being connected together so as to be operable by the operating lever u, the valve cylinders being connected with the exhaust pipes t2 and with the supply pipes t3. In the position indicated pressure is supplied to the supply pipe k12 of the cylinder hn to the right by which the hand control lever g is maintained in its resting position. When the operating lever u is moved to the central position the pressure is sustained by each of the plungers g41 and the operating hand lever g is maintained in its central position, while when the operating lever u is to be maintained in its furthest position opposite to that in which it is illustrated in Fig. 2, full pressure is transmitted to the plunger on the left, whereby the hand control lever g is moved to its furthest position for full speed.

Fig. 4 shows a detail .arrangement corresponding to Fig. l in which an auxiliary motor f is employed instead of gear communicating motion from the main shaft a.

Fig. 4 illustrates a switch arrangement for cutting out the auxiliary motor f upon the hand control lever g passing the position indicated cc. This arrangement consists of a toothed segmental lever y, which is tripped by the hand control lever g in the manner and substantially as the bell crank lever n2 (Fig. 1); said lever being pivoted at y and gearing with the toothed segment y2 of the switch arm yf. A spring yt operates upon the passage of the hand control lever from the position indicated to restore the switch arm g3 to open the switch and to cut out the auxiliary motor.

Fig. 3 illustrates an electric system for supplementing the hand control mechanism in which solenoids g44 are connected to the rod g4, into the coils of which current is led from the supply mains g g there being five sets of coils upon each of the solenoids connected to contacts numbered correspondingly and. respectively arranged upon each side of the controller v, so that in the movement of the controller o from the starting position indicated at the successive coils of the solenoid to the right are put into circuit whereby the solenoid is moved forward to the right and the operating hand control lever'g is moved forward into the successive positions as hereinbefore described, while in the movement of the hand lever of the controller o on to the contacts to the left in the opposite direction the coils of the solenoid 44 to the left are put into circuit whereby the hand control lever is drawn to the left for stopping the press.

Fig. 6 illustrates a modification of Fig. l in which the main motor shaft a is disposed at right angles to the machine shaft i and to the slow motion shaft c both of which latter are parallel one to the other. In this case motion is communicated to the shaft 't through the clutch Z) and throughbevel pinions w one of which is mounted upon the Inotor shaft a and the other upon the part t of the machine shaft t which part i it will be understood is thus positively geared and continuously rotates from the main motor shaft, while a worm Z3 upon the main motor shaft a gears with a worm wheel Z4, which is loosely mounted upon the slow motion shaft c and communicates movement to the said shaft through pawls Z5 and a fixed boss Z in substantially the same manner as hereinbefore described, while a clutch d is provided upon the slow motion shaft c by means of which the movement from the slow motion shaft to the machine shaft t may be discontinued when the clutch b is set into operation to drive the machine direct from the main motor shaft. The operation in this arrangement is substantially the same as that hereinbefore described.

In Fig. 1l a diagram is illustrated of a pneumatic system of control applicable for two presses or for two parts of a press in which both sets of control mechanism can be simultaneously controlled or only one and either from a general supply or from a special supply of compressed air. is the general supply pipe branching off into the supply pipes x leading to each set of control mechanism and to the respective valves h2. The special supply pipes :r2 connect with the branches of the general supply pipe while the general and special supply pipes to each set are provided with stop valves 003, x3, x4 964;

and the pipes x may be connected and a stop valve :t5 provided thereon by which the special supply to either set of control mechanism may be used for the other set also. The pipes connecting the valves h2 to the cylinders h may also be connected together under the control of stop valves :r6 as illustrated.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is.

l. In combination, a motor shaft, a shaft in line therewith, a clutch interposed between, a driven shaft driving connections between it and said second shaft, a slow speed shaft driven from said motor shaft, power transmitting means interposed between said slow speed shaft and the driven shaft, said transmitting means including a clutch, a trip lever and connections therefrom for operating said last named clutch, a lever and operating connections therefrom to the first named clutch, and means carried by said lever for operating the trip lever, substantially as described.

2. In combination, a motor shaft, a driven shaft, a slow speed shaft driven from the motor shaft, driving connections between the motor shaft and driven shaft, including a clutch, driving connections between the slow speed shaft and driven shaft including a clutch, a lever and connected means for successively operating said clutches, and electrical means for moving said lever, substantially as described.

3. In combination, a motor shaft, a driven shaft, a slow speed shaft driven from the mo# tor shaft, driving connections between the motor shaft and driven shaft, including a clutch, driving connections between the slow speed shaft and driven shaft including a clutch, a bell crank lever connected to said first named clutch, a hand lever having a cam device for operating said bell crank lever, a bell crank lever and operating connections therefrom to said second clutch, and means carried by the said lever for tripping said bell crank lever, substantially as described.

4. In combination, a motor shaft, a driven shaft, driving connections between the same, including a clutch, and a slow speed shaft, driving connections between the same and the motor shaft including a clutch, a lever, connections therefrom for successively controlling the said clutches, a segmental rack carried by said lever, a reciprocating rack engaging said segmental rack, and power means for operating said reciprocating rack, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE WV. MASCORD.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM EDWARD EvANs,

RICHARD WILLIAMS. 

